Legal guidance for your retirement and your INSS benefits

The National Register of Social Information (Cadastro Nacional de Informações Sociais) brings together the employment records, contributions and salaries registered with the INSS. The INSS uses it to check requirements and calculate benefits. Missing periods or pending issues may delay or reduce your retirement benefit.

The statement can be issued free of charge through Meu INSS.

An administrative appeal may be filed against the INSS decision within 30 days from the date you are notified of the decision. Depending on the case, it may also be possible to submit a new application with further documents or file a court action. The course of action depends on the reason for the refusal, which is stated in the decision letter.

No. Anyone who met the requirements by 13/11/2019 keeps the right to retire under the rules in force at that time, even if the application is made later (vested right). Those who had not yet met the requirements fall under the transition rules.

Under the points-based rule, the sum of age and contribution time required in 2026 is 93 points for women and 103 for men, with a minimum of 30 and 35 years of contribution. The requirement increases by 1 point per year until reaching 100 (women) and 105 (men).

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Older persons aged 65 or over and persons with a disability who have a long-term impairment (of at least 2 years), when the family income per person is equal to or less than 1/4 of the minimum wage — R$ 405,25 in 2026. Regulations may extend this limit up to 1/2 of the minimum wage.

You must have a CPF and an up-to-date registration with CadÚnico. The BPC is a social assistance benefit (benefício de prestação continuada): it does not require contributions to the INSS.

The qualifying period is the minimum number of monthly contributions required to qualify for a benefit. As a rule:

• 12 contributions for disability benefits;
• 180 for retirement by age (aposentadoria por idade), retirement by contribution time (aposentadoria por tempo de contribuição) and special retirement (aposentadoria especial);
• 24 for imprisonment benefit (auxílio-reclusão).

No qualifying period is required for survivor's pension (pensão por morte), family allowance (salário-família) and accident benefit (auxílio-acidente), nor for disability benefits resulting from an accident of any nature, an occupational or work-related disease, or diseases on the official list.

To receive payment from the date of death, the claim must be filed within 180 days for children under 16 or within 90 days for other dependants. After these deadlines, the pension is payable from the date of the claim.

Seek medical attention and ask the company for the Work Accident Report (Comunicação de Acidente do Trabalho — CAT), which it must issue by the 1st working day following the accident; in the event of death, notification to the competent authority must be immediate. If the company does not issue it, the CAT may be filed by the worker, dependants, the trade union, the attending physician or a public authority. Keep medical certificates, test results and prescriptions.

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Yes. The law treats occupational disease (typical of a specific activity) and work-related disease (acquired due to the conditions under which the work is performed) as equivalent to a work accident. Degenerative diseases and conditions inherent to a person's age group, for example, are not included. The link to the work is demonstrated through medical reports, examinations and the history of the activity.

Anyone who has suffered a work accident has their employment contract protected for a minimum period of 12 months after the end of the work-related temporary disability benefit (auxílio por incapacidade temporária acidentário), whether or not they receive the accident benefit (auxílio-acidente). During the leave of absence, the company remains required to deposit the FGTS.

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If the country has a social security agreement with Brazil, the contribution periods in both countries can be added together to grant access to benefits (totalisation). The portion paid by the INSS is proportional to the contribution time in Brazil and may be lower than the minimum wage. Today there are bilateral agreements with 19 countries and with Quebec, in addition to the Mercosur Agreement and the Ibero-American Convention.

See the list of agreements

Through Meu INSS (website or app, using your gov.br account) or by calling Central 135, which operates from Monday to Saturday, from 7:00 to 22:00. Calls are free from landlines and charged at local rates from mobile phones.

Be wary of messages, phone calls or profiles that charge fees to “release” benefits or promise an “assured review”.

To know when and under which rule retirement can be claimed and the estimated amount in each scenario. The study is based on the CNIS and compares, for example, continuing to contribute, changing the contribution amount or correcting periods before filing the claim. The result is delivered in writing.

Yes. As a rule, the time limit is 10 years starting from the first day of the month following receipt of the first payment. Each review depends on verifying the calculation and the documents; there is no such thing as an “assured review”.

Yes. Online consultations are held by video call for clients across Brazil and abroad, with the same quality and attention as an in-person consultation. Documents can be sent in digital format through the channel agreed with the office. In-person consultations are also available in Jundiaí/SP, by appointment.

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Monday to Friday, from 8:30 to 17:30 (Brasília time). Consultations are always by appointment, at the office in Jundiaí/SP or by videoconference. The office is closed on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays.

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Official photo ID and CPF, proof of address, employment record books, CNIS statement and, depending on the case, medical reports, PPP or letters from the INSS.

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